Tuesday, 28 May 2024

Gaelic Vocabulary

Vocabulary

[Nb: words in bold text are those I have recently got wrong]
  1. Taing (tyne-g) - thanks
  2. Halò (hal-oh) - hello
  3. Agus (eh-oos/ag-us) - and
  4. Siúcar (shoo-carh) - sugar
  5. Bainne (banya) - milk
  6. Forca (for-sca) - fork
  7. Spáin (span-e) - spoon
  8. Céic (cay-ke) - cake
  9. Tioraidh (cheer-ee) - bye
  10. Cáise (cash-a) - cheese
  11. Blasta (blast-a) - tasty
  12. Hama (ham-a) - ham
  13. Tha (ha) - is; there is; there are
  14. Aran (a-ran) - bread
  15. Rís (ree-sh) - rice
  16. Ím (eem) - butter
  17. Uisge (ish-ka) - water
  18. No (noh) - or
  19. Piobar (pee-par) - pepper
  20. Biadh (bee-agh) - food
  21. Salann (sa-wan) - salt
  22. Math (mah) - good
  23. Chan eil (han eel) - No; is not; does not
  24. Tomato (tomato) - tomato
  25. Iasg (ee-asg) - fish
  26. Sailead (sah-lad) - salad
  27. Brot (bra-ht) - soup
  28. Le (leh/lay) - with
  29. Feasgar (fees-gard) - evening/afternoon
  30. Madainn (matt-ing) - morning
  31. Balach (bal-loch) - boy
  32. Caileag (cal-ack) - girl [pl. -an]
  33. Beag (bick) - small, little
  34. Tidsear (teach-err) - teacher
  35. Coir (corrs/core) - kind 
  36. Eun (ee-an) - bird
  37. Blath (blah) - warm 
  38. Oidhche (eee-chah) - night
  39. Pàrant (parr-ant) - parent
  40. á (ah) - from
  41. Canada (Canada) - Canada
  42. Alba (alah-ba) - Scotland
  43. Glaschu (glass-a-who) Glasgow
  44. Mór (moré) - big
  45. Sasainn (sas-ine) - England
  46. Lunnainn (lun-aine) - London
  47. Sinn (sheen) - we
  48. Baile (bal-ah) - town [bailtean]
  49. Snog (snock) - nice
  50. Éirinn (ayr-rin) - Ireland
  51. Eósaph (iosaph) - Joseph
  52. Sgoil (skoll) - school
  53. Ann an (aown an) - in, of the, of, will.
  54. Faisg air (fashg is/eid) - near to
  55. Inbhir Nis (inyad nish) - Inverness
  56. Cat (caht) - cat
  57. Cú (coo) - dog (m)
  58. Peata (Peta) - a pet
  59. Aig - has, at, have
  60. Cearc (kee-ark) - chicken
  61. Muc (mook) - pig
  62. Each (ee-ach; echh) - horse
  63. Geal (gee-al) - white
  64. Tunnag (toonak) - duck
  65. Bó (bow) - cow
  66. Caora (curr-a) - sheep
  67. Agam (ag-am) - my
  68. Uan (oo-an) - lamb (m)
  69. Piseag (pee-shak) - kitten
  70. Cuilean (coo-line) - puppy (m)
  71. Luch (looch) - mouse
  72. Coineanach (connor-nach) - rabbit
  73. Isean (eeshan) - chick; young small animal (m)
  74. Barraigh (ba-rye) - Barra
  75. mise (misha) - me, I (first person singular; emphatic)
  76. Ceart (cursht) - right
  77. Is tusa (iss toosa) - you are
  78. Thusa (oosa) - you (2nd person singular; emphatic)
  79. Có (coh) - who, where, whom
  80. Sibhse (sheevsha) - you (2nd person plural; emphatic)
  81. Óg (ogg) - young
  82. Ceárr (care) - wrong
  83. sinne (shin-ah/sheenya) - we, us (emphatic)
  84. Léine (lean-ya) - shirt (f)
  85. Cóta (cort-a) - coat (m)
  86. Air (id) - on
  87. Sgiort (skeert) - skirt
  88. Léine-t (lean-ya t) - t-shirt 
  89. Bonaid (bon-atch) - hat or bonnet
  90. Brógan (brogan) - shoes [sing. bròg; dat. bròig]
  91. Dreasa (dressa) - dress
  92. Aodach (er-doch) - clothes
  93. Glan (glan) - clean
  94. Geansaidh (gen-see) - sweater (m)
  95. Briogais (breegas/brickish) - trousers (f)
  96. Féileadh (fee-liagh) - kilt
  97. a-nis (a-nish) - now [a-do; nish-now]
  98. Seacaid (sha-cadge] - jacket
  99. Ciamar (kim-argh) - How?
  100. Fáilte (fal-char) - Welcome
  101. Sibh (shiv) - you
  102. Gu math (goo math) - really well; really
  103. Ceist (keesht) - question
  104. Iad (ee-ad) - they/them
  105. Saor (surr) - free, cheap, a carpenter
  106. Cho (ho) - so, as, such
  107. Eile (eela) - another, other, else
  108. Againn (a-geen) - we have
  109. Úine (oon-ye) - time
  110. a-máireach (amah-roch) - tomorrow
  111. a' dannsa (darn-cer) - dancing; dancer (not preceded by the 'a')
  112. Seall (sheall) - look 
  113. Caraid (carriage) - friend
  114. i (ee) - (1) she, it, her (2) it is
  115. Éist (eesht) - listen
  116. Annasach (anna-sach) - unusual
  117. Slaodach (sloo-doch) - slow
  118. Óran (au-ran) - songs, song
  119. a' seinn (shane) - singing
  120. Geama (gemma with hard 'g') - game
  121. e (eh) - he
  122. Cluiche (clusha) - playing
  123. Leabhar (law-ahd) -book
  124. Úr (oo'd) - new
  125. Leughadh (ley-vig) - reading
  126. Fhathast (hast) - still, yet
  127. Fuar (fuar) - cold
  128. Grianach (gree-an-och) - sunny
  129. an-diugh (an-due) - today 
  130. Fliuch (flew-ch) - wet
  131. Dorcha (dorra-ka) - dark
  132. a-muigh (a-moy) - outside
  133. Teth (chay) - hot
  134. Garbh - (gah-rav) - rough, wild
  135. Gránda (grahn-day) - ugly, horrible
  136. Nach eil...? - isn't it...?
  137. Gaothach (goo-hoch) - windy, flatulent
  138. Álainn (ah-lane) - lovely
  139. a' fás (fahrse) - getting, growing
  140. Dé (jay) - what, what's, which
  141. a' dol (ah doll) - going 
  142. Móran (more-an) - much, many
  143. Chairdean (heart-chan) - friends
  144. ás (AHss) - from, of him 
  145. Cuidich (COOT-ich) - help
  146. Fhéin (hayne) - self, intensifier (e.g. with 'math' = excellent)
  147. Tapadh leat (tapar lairt) - Thank you [Tapadh leibh (Tapar laive)]
  148. Sin (shinn) - That, that is, there is
  149. Rithist (Ree-isht) - again
  150. Can (can) - say [Can sin a-tithist]
  151. Obh obh (ohv ohv) - oh dear
  152. Na gabh dragh (na gav drahg) - do not worry
  153. 'S e do bhea
  154. (shay doh veah-heh) - you're welcome ['S e ur beatha (plural)]
  155. Cuideachd (coodjack) - also
  156. Feumaidh (fee-meh) - need, must, needs
  157. Falbh (falav) - go, leave - phrase Feumaidh mi flabh 
  158. Mar (margh) - like, as, how - phrase Mar sin leat
  159. Cloc (cloch) - clock
  160. Cia mheud (kia viet) - how many?
  161. Seómar (show-mar) - room [pl. seómraichean]
  162. Glas (glas) - locks, grey, lock
  163. Doras (Dor-as) - doors [pl. dorsan]
  164. Taigh (Tay) - house [pl. taighean]
  165. Aon (urn) - one
  166. Dá (dah) - two
  167. Tri (tree) - three
  168. Amar (ama) - bathtub
  169. Sinc (?) - sink
  170. Uinneag (oon-yack) - window [pl. Uinneagan]
  171. An t-uisge (an tooshka) - rain
  172. Ceó (kiaow) - mist
  173. Bótannan (bOrtan-an) boots
  174. Damhan-allaidh (daff-in-ally) - spider
  175. Díle (jeela) - downpour
  176. Tioram (ch-ee-ram) - dry
  177. Ach (ach) - but
  178. Sneachd (sneeyak) - snow
  179. Reóthadh (roh-ag/row-oo) - frost
  180. Dona (donna) - bad
  181. Stoirm (stir-um) - storm
  182. Dealanaich (jal-anich) - lightning
  183. Táirneanaich (tarn-anich) - thunder
  184. Bog (boak) - soaking; soft
  185. t-side (cheecher) - weather
  186. Déanamh (gee-an-av) - making, doing
  187. Coltach (coll-och) - like, alike, similar
  188. Ris (reesh) - to it, with, as
  189. Suiteas (sweetas) - sweets
  190. Súgh (Sue) - juice
  191. Leann (loon) - beer
  192. An (un) - the, of the, will
  193. Uachdar (ooh-ach-ga) - cream
  194. Ag ól (ag all) - drinking
  195. Fion (fee-an) - wine
  196. Am (am) - the, will, their
  197. Paidh (pie) - pie
  198. Mions (munce) - mince
  199. Botal (botal) - bottle (pl. botail)
  200. Orainsear (orange-cert) - orange
  201. Isbean (ishban) - sausage
  202. Ubhal (oo-al) - apple
  203. Ugh (ooh) - egg
  204. Ag ithe (ag eecha) - eating
  205. Bruich (broo-eech) - cooked
  206. Reóiteag (raw-chak) - ice cream [pl. +an (raw-chick'n)
  207. Agaibh (ag av) - you have, at you
  208. Uinnean (oonyan) - onion [pl. uinneanan]
  209. Piotsa (peetsa) - pizza
  210. Curran (cooran) - carrot [pl. currain]
  211. Toil (tul) - inclination, will, wish
  212. Leam - prepositional pronoun [le + mi] - with me
  213. Agaibh (ag av/ag ooo) - you have, at you
  214. Piuthar (pure-d) - sister
  215. Athair (ah-hed) - father
  216. Máthair (mar-hed) - mother
  217. Bráthair (brar-hed) - brother
  218. Clann (clown) - children [dative: cloinn]
  219. Seanair (shinner) - grandfather
  220. Onarach (honour-ach) - honest
  221. Laghach (law-ach) -pleasant, kind, nice
  222. Seanmhair (shinnavad) - grandmother
  223. Bean (bayne) - wife
  224. Toilichte (toll-ich- ger) - happy
  225. Nighean (nee-ann) - daughter
  226. Duine (din-ya) - husband
  227. Leanabh (yann-av) - baby
  228. Uncail (uncle) - uncle
  229. Antaidh (anti) - aunty
  230. Bréagha (bree-ah) - pretty
  231. Bráithrean (bra-than) - brothers
  232. Athraichean (ah-reech-an) - fathers
  233. Peathraichean (pe-reech-an) sisters
  234. Máthraichean (mah-reech-an) mothers
  235. Dubh (do) - black
  236. Staidhre (stay-da) - staircase (f)
  237. Ialtag (eel-tack) - bat
  238. Sgeith (skee) - flying
  239. Eaglais (ee-clish) - church
  240. Nathair (nah-hed) - snake
  241. Eala (ella) - swans
  242. Obair (oh-bid) - job/work
  243. Réis (reesh) - race
  244. Gu mór (goo more) - a lot
  245. Grian (gree-an) - the sun [dative: gréin]
  246. Gáidhlig (garlic) - Gaelic
  247. Clach (clach) - stone
  248. Asal (ass-ol) - donkey
  249. Feannag (fenn-ak) - crow
  250. Fiacail (fee-ach-al) - tooth [pl. fiaclan]
  251. Feórag (fee-or-ak) - squirrel
  252. Súil (sue-ll) - eye [pl. súilean]
  253. Sráid (sradge) - street
  254. Slige (slee-geh) - shell
  255. Idir (ee-cher) - at all
  256. Sgian (skee-an) - knife
  257. Rathad (rah-had) - road
  258. Stais (stash) - moustache
  259. Smiogaid (smee-gatch) chin
  260. Sgillinn (skeelin) - penny [sgilleannan]
  261. Cóig (coy-g) - five
  262. Ceithir (kay-ath) - four
  263. Bátaichean (bah-tee-can) - boats
  264. Sia (shia) - six
  265. a' faighinn (fye-inn) - getting
  266. Ochd (och) - eight
  267. Seachd (shach-d) - seven
  268. Latha (lah-ah) - day
  269. Is (is) - and
  270. Naoi (nooj) - nine
  271. Radan (rat-an) - rat
  272. Not (nort) - pound [pl. notaichean]
  273. Deich (jaich) - ten
  274. Purpaidh (pur-peeh) - purple
  275. Orains (orange) - orange
  276. e - (eh) - it/he [Nb: i (ee) - it/she]
  277. Cuir (cood) - put, plant [verb: a' cur]
  278. Pinc (pink) - pink
  279. Gorm (gor-um) - blue
  280. Glas (glass) - grey
  281. Dearg (jair-ach) - red
  282. Buidhe (boo-yeah) - yellow
  283. Tu - you
  284. Uaine (oo-an-ye) - green
  285. Donn (doh-ne) - brown
  286. Briogais ghoirid (brickish yuritch) short-trousers
  287. Goirid (guritch) - short
  288. Liath (lee-ah) - light blue
  289. Putan (poo-tan) - button
  290. Crios (kriss) - belt
  291. Fada (fatah) - long
  292. Leór - enough, plenty
  293. Deise (jisha) - suit
  294. Súbh-láir (sue-lard) - strawberry
  295. Goid (gutch) - stealing
  296. Cumail (coom-al) - keeping, holding
  297. Ospadal (ospatal) - hospital
  298. Dún Dé (doon jay) - Dundee
  299. an (an) - of the; the; will
  300. an seo - here, here is, here are, this
  301. ag obair - working
  302. Sealtainn (shall-ting) - Shetland
  303. Sruighlea (Sree-lie) - Stirling
  304. Iapan (Ya-pan) - Japan
  305. Arcaibh (Are-kiv) - Orkney
  306. glé (glay) - very
  307. Inhbir Áir (Inyad Argh) - Ayr 
  308. Obar Dheathain (Obar Ay-in) - Aberdeen
  309. Fuireach (foo-roch) - living
  310. Búth (boo) - shop
  311. Muile (moola) - Mull
  312. Fiobha (fee-fah) - Fife
  313. Peairt (pee-urch) - Perth
  314. Port Righ (porst ree) - Portree
  315. Afraga a Deas (afra-cah a jays) - South Africa
  316. Nirribhidh (near-ah-vee) - Norway
  317. Aice (ay-ca) - at her (or 'she has')
  318. an sin (an shin) - there
  319. Astráilia (ass-strah-lia) - Australia
  320. Sealainn Nuadh (seeline nuagh) - New Zealand
  321. Oifis (ah-fis) - office
  322. Taigh-ósta (tay osta) - hotel
  323. Margadh (mara-gig) - market
  324. Tiriodh (Chirig) - Tiree
  325. Oilthigh (oll-hay) - university
  326. Uibhist (oo-yisht) - Uist
  327. Frids (fridge) - fridge
  328. Gárradh (gah-rig) - garden
  329. Flat (flat) - flat
  330. An toil leat...? (leat - let) - do you like...?
  331. Leabaidh (lep-ee) - bed
  332. Mapa (ma-pah) - map
  333. Dealbh (jal-av) - picture, photo
  334. Bórd (borsht) - table [pl. búird]
  335. Sin e - that is it
  336. Soitheach (say-ach) - dish
  337. Preas (prees) - cupbaord
  338. Briste (breesh-cheh) - broken
  339. Deasg (desk) - desk
  340. Coimpiutair (computerh) - computer
  341. Taigh-beag (tye-beak) - toilet
  342. Cathair (cah-head) - chair
  343. Iuchair (ee-youk-hid) - key
  344. Ro (row) - to, before
  345. Iuchraichean (ee-youk-reach-an) - keys
  346. Seómar-cadail (show-maw cadell) - bedrooms
  347. Iadar-lion (id-er-lee-an) - internet
  348. Balla (bal-ah) - wall
  349. Dé as toil leat? - what do you like?
  350. Teine (cheen-ya) - fire
  351. Cáit (caht-ch) - where
  352. Fios (fiss) - know
  353. a ghráidh (eh gry) - love, darling
  354. Inntinneach (in-chin-yoch) - interesting
  355. Chi (he) - see
  356. a h-uile duine (ah hoola doonya) - everyone
  357. Beagan (beak-an) - a little
  358. Thig (heek) - come [Thigibh - pl.]
  359. a-steach (eh- sch-tach) - into (movement), enter
  360. Ist (isht) - hush
  361. Bruidhinn (breen) - (a') speaking; speak [pl/fl - Bruidhnibh]
  362. Ainm (en-yam) - name [pl. ainmean]
  363. Rudeigin (rude-ig-in) - something
  364. Beurla (bee-ur-la) - English
  365. Gabh mo leisgeul (Gav mo leeshgal) - excuse me
  366. Éibhinn (ee-vin) - funny
  367. Meal do naidheachd (mee-al doh nigh-ach!) - congratulations [pl. Mealaibh ur naidheachd]
  368. Ionnsachadh (inn-sa-hoig) - learning
  369. Ri (ree) - to; with; is
  370. Beul (bee-al) - mouth
  371. Falt (falt) - hair
  372. Aodann (err-dan) - face
  373. Maol (moo-al) - bald
  374. Tinn (cheen) - ill
  375. Ceann (kee-ow-n) - head
  376. Goirt (gorsht) - sore
  377. Fallain (fal-an) - healthy; fit
  378. Sron (sron) - nose
  379. Cluas (clue-as) - ear
  380. Lámh (lah-ve) - hand
  381. Druim (dream) - back
  382. Teanga (cheen-ka) - tongue
  383. Cas (kas) - leg
  384. Caol (kooal) - thin
  385. Salach (sal-ach) - dirty
  386. Air (id) - on; on him
  387. Oirre (orra) - on her
  388. Bán (b-ahn) - fair
  389. Ruadh (roo-ag) - red (hair)
  390. Glic (galee-ch) - clever, wise
  391. Cáirdeil - (carsht-jell) - friendly
  392. Pósta (post-ah) - married
  393. Bochd (bock-ed) - poor
  394. Litir (leech-er) - letter
  395. Bha (vah) - was
  396. Ruith (roy-ith) - running
  397. Sgriobhadh (scree-vig) - writing
  398. Cómhla (col-dah) - together; [cómhla ri = with]
  399. Leabharlann (lee-your-lown) - library
  400. Gu (goo) - to
  401. Cha robh (ha row) - was not
  402. an-dé (an jay) - yesterday
  403. Coiseachd (coshack) - walking
  404. An robh (an row) - was/were
  405. Cadal (cat-al) - sleeping
  406. a-raoir (a ray-th) - last night
  407. Snámh (snah-ve) - swimming
  408. Nach robh (nach row)  - weren't, wasn't, didn't
  409. a-riamh (a-ree-av) - never
  410. Tuathanas (too-ah-hann-as) - farm
  411. Drochaid (drock-ich) - bridge
  412. a' sreap (st-reap) - climbing
  413. Bus (bus) - bus
  414. Pléana (plain-ah) - plane
  415. Tréana (train-ah) - train
  416. Stéisean (stay-shan) - station
  417. a' tighinn (ah-chee-in) - coming
  418. Cár (caar) - car
  419. Direach (jee-roch) - just
  420. Airgead (erra-gid) - money
  421. Stad (stat) - stop, stopped
  422. Eilean (ee-lan) - island, islands
  423. Na (nah) - do not, don't; of the
  424. air bhioran (id vir-an) - excited
  425. Dún Éideann (doon-eed-chan) - Edinburgh
  426. Steórnabhagh (storna-vah) - Stornaway
  427. Leódhas (???) - Lewis
  428. Dúinte (doon-cher) - closed
  429. Tiogaid (tick-idge) - ticket
  430. a' dráibheadh (ah dry-vig) - driving
  431. Luath (loo-ah) - fast
  432. Íle (ee-la) - Islay
  433. Fosgailte (fos-gail-cha) - open
  434. a' fosgladh (ah fas-glay-g) - opening
  435. Dhachaigh (yah-hee) - home
  436. An t-Eilean Sgitheanach (an chill-an ski-an-ach) - the Isle of Skye
  437. 'a cluinntinn (cloin-chin) - hearing
  438. a' faicinn (fike-ing) - seeing
  439. Cudromach (cud-ro-mach) - important
  440. Taigh-bidh (tay-bee) - restaurant
  441. Clár-bidh (clar-bee) - menu
  442. Deoch (Jok-ch) - drink
  443. Bu toil leam (buh toil leam) - I would like
  444. Staoig (stay-g) - steak
  445. Srúbag (sruh-back) - small drink
  446. Cha bu toil leam (ha buh toil leam) - I would not like
  447. An toil leat...? (an toil let) - Do you like...?
  448. Am bu toil leat...? (am boo toil let) - would you like...?
  449. Muga (mooga) - muga
  450. Leann-ubhal (loon ooh-al) - cider
  451. Mar-tha (mar-ha) - already
  452. Sláinte (slanj-eh) - cheers
  453. Drama (drarm-ah) - dram
  454. Uisge-beatha (ishka bay-hair) - whishy
  455. Daor (dude) - expensive
  456. Ceart gu leór - ok
  457. Páirc (park) - park
  458. a-staigh - inside
  459. Mathain (Ma-hain) - bears
  460. Niseag (Nish-ack) - Nessie (the Loch Ness Monster)
  461. Peataichean (pet-ar-can) - pets
  462. Eich (ey-sh) - horses
  463. Caoraich (coo-reesh) - sheep (pl)
  464. a-mach (ah ma-ch) - out
  465. Baga (bag-ah) - bag
  466. Eagalach (eeg-ah-loch) - scary
  467. Tarbh (ta-rav) - bull
  468. Gleann (glee-own) - glen, valley
  469. Feumail (fee-mal) - useful
  470. Broc (brock) - badger [pl. bruic]
  471. Coineanaich (con-an-eech) - rabbits
  472. Gleanntan (glee-own-tan) - glens
  473. Eisg (eh-sg) - fish (pl.)
  474. Díleas (gee-las) - loyal
  475. Eóin (eh-own) - birds
  476. Loch (loch) - lake
  477. Sligeanach (sleech-an-ach) - tortoise
  478. Coille (cull-ya) - forest [pl. coilltean]
  479. Leómhann (leow-ann) - lion
  480. Sgoinneil (sgun-neil) - brilliant
  481. Daoine (doon-ye) - people
  482. Gráineag (gran-yack) - hedgehogs
  483. a' leum (lame) - jumping
  484. Feur (fear) - grass
  485. Éirisgeidh (eer-ish-gay) - Eriskay
  486. Radain (rart-an) - rats
  487. Lag (lack) - weak
  488. Láidir (lar-ger) - strong
  489. Bóidheach (boy-ach) - beautiful
  490. Greas ort (grease orsht) - hurry up [Greasaibh]
  491. an t-acras [orm/ort, etc] (an tack-ras) - hungry
  492. an t-eagal [orm/ort, etc] (an tea-gal) - scared
  493. Uabhasach (ooh-ah-va-sach) - terrible
  494. Fhearg (yeah-rack) - angry
  495. Pathadh (pah-g) - thirsty
  496. Oirnn (orn) - on us
  497. Esan (ess-an) - him (e)
  498. Dragh (dra-dch) - worry
  499. Cabhag (cav-ag) - hurry, rush
  500. Cnatan (k-nat-an) - ill, cold
  501. Orra (ah-ra) - on them
  502. an déideadh (jay-juck) - toothache
  503. Oirbh (ah-riv) - on you
  504. Gaol (goo-al) - love
  505. Ise (ee-sha) - her
  506. Greannach (gran-ach) - grumpy
  507. Gráin (gran) - hate
  508. Pártaidh (par-tee) - party
  509. Oisean (osh-an) corner
  510. Liomaid (lim-urch) - lemon
  511. Buntáta (bun-tart-ah) - potato
  512. a' ceannach (kee-an-ach) - buying
  513. Talla (tal-ah) - hall
  514. Consart (con-cert) - concert
  515. Preusant (pre-sant) - present, gift
  516. Deiseil (jay-shall) - ready, finished
  517. Saoghal (sue-all) - world
  518. Fadalach (fata-lach) - late
  519. Do (doh) - yout [d' - when preceding a consonant, e.g. d' athair]
  520. Mo (moh) my
  521. Stamag (stam-ack) - stomach
  522. Sean (shayne) - old
  523. Glún (gloon) - knee
  524. Bodhaig (bow-ik) - body
  525. Sábhailte (sa-vill-cher) - safe
  526. Thón (hoh-own) - buttocks
  527. Eadar (ead-er) - between
  528. Éisteachd (ee-shock) - listening
  529. Gáirdean (garst-shun) - arm
  530. Dráthais (drah-ish) - underpants
  531. Amhach (av-ach) - neck
  532. Corrag (coh-rack) - finger, toe
  533. Gleansach (glen-sach) - shiny
  534. Cugallach (hoo-gal-ach) - wobbly
  535. a' coimhead (ah coy-et) - looking
  536. Losgann (loss-gan) - frog
  537. Sgeulachd (skeel-lach) - story [pl. sgeulachdan]
  538. Duilleag (doo-lia-ck) - page [pl. duilleagan]
  539. Ur (ugh) - your
  540. Gobhar (go-ah) - goat [pl. gobhair]
  541. Brochan (broch-han) - porridge
  542. Cruaidh (croo-ay) - hard
  543. Leis (lish) - with [Nb - bare form: le 'with a' definite form: leis an 'with the']
  544. Tachairt (tak-ersht) - happening
  545. Ámhainn (aw-van) - oven
  546. Caran (karan) - a little; somewhat
  547. Cladach (klad-ach) - beach; shore
  548. Muir (moo-d) - sea [gen. Mara]
  549. Oir (odth) - because
  550. Iasgach (ee-asg-ach) - fishing
  551. Math air (mah id) - good at
  552. Gach (ga-ach) every, each, all
  553. Bhiodh (vee-yag) - would be
  554. Ged (get) - although
  555. Aonaranach (awn-a-ran-ach) - lonely, alone
  556. Iarraidh (ear-ree) - asking, seeking; desiring
  557. Chun an sin (hoon an shin) - until then; towards there
  558. Ciùin (k-yoon) - quiet; still; calm
  559. Mo chreach! (mow crak-ch) - goodness!
  560. Facal (fah-cal) - word
  561. Faclair (fah-clid) - dictionary; glossary
  562. Cuideachail - (cood-jock-al) - helpful
  563. Coinneachadh (cun-yach-aich) - meeting
  564. Speuclairean (spear-clar-in) - glasses
  565. Teaghlach (chul-lach) - family
  566. Spaideil (spach-al) - well-dressed; fancy
  567. Céilidh (kay-lee) - visiting, céilidh
  568. Co-ogha (co-oh-ah) - cousin
  569. Mac (mack) - son
  570. Modhail (mow-el) - well behaved
  571. Miorbhaileach (meer-val-ach) - marvellous
  572. Seada (shet-ah) - shed [pl. seadaichean]
  573. Doileag (doll-ack) - doll
  574. Briosgaid (brisk-itch) - biscuit
  575. Mi-mhodhail (mi-vohw-el) - naughty
  576. Déideag (jay-jack) - toy
  577. Thalla (hal-la) - go away!
  578. Ainmeil (ayn-amal) - famous
  579. Taigh-seinnse (tay sheen-sha) - pub
  580. Cailleach-oidhche (kye-ach aye-kah) - owl
  581. Farasta (fah-rah-sta) - simple
  582. Beannachd (be-an-achd) - blessing
  583. Neo-fhoirmeil (nee-oh erri-mal) - informal
  584. Sin thu (shin ooh) - it's you (informal greeting)
  585. Sin thu fhèin (shin ooh hane) - it's you yourself (informal greeting)
  586. Siuthad (shoo-it) - on you go
  587. Ag innse (ag ee-sher) - telling; informing
  588. Céol (kee-ol) - music
  589. a Ghearmailt (ah gerra-malt-ch) - Germany
  590. Pìob-mhòr (feeb voor) - bagpipes
  591. Innis Tìle (innish cheela) - Iceland
  592. Eileann Mhanainn (Eelan Van-inn) - The Isle of Man
  593. Fidheall (feel) - fiddle
  594. a Gréig (ah grey-g) - Greece
  595. An Tuirc (?) - Turkey
  596. Craobh (croo-ve) - tree
  597. Bheilg (vell-ick) - Belgium
  598. a' Phortagail (fortugal) - Portugal
  599. an Spàinn (an spahn) - Spain
  600. an Fhraing (an rang) - France
  601. an Ruis (an roosh) - Russia
  602. an Roinn-Eòrpa (an royne ee-yorpa) - Europe
  603. a' Chuimrigh (ah choomreeh) - Wales
  604. an Rìoghachd Aonaichte (an ree-ochd urn-ich-cha) - the United Kingdom
  605. Rìoghachd (ree-ochd) - kingdom
  606. Aonaichte (urn-ich-cha) - united; integrated
  607. Breatainn (bret-ain) - Britain
  608. a' Chòrn (ah k-horn) - Cornwall
  609. an t-Suain (ant Sue-ain) - Sweden
  610. an Ostair (an Ost-ar) - Austria
  611. Abhainn (ah-win) - river
  612. an Fhionnlann (an ewe-lann) - Finland
  613. an Eilbheis (an eila-vish) - Switzerland
  614. Siona (sheena) - China
  615. Iomagain (im-a-gan) - worry, anxiety [adj. iomagaineach]
  616. Teagamh (chick-iv) - doubtful [adj. teagmhach]
  617. Bròn (brohn) - sadness, grief [adj. brònach]
  618. nàire 
  619. àgh
  620. a' Bhreatann Bheag (brettan veek) - Britanny
  621. Toiteag (toh-chak) - cigarette
  622. Ball (bah-ll) - ball
  623. A h-uile latha (ah hoo-lyah lah) - every day
  624. A huile (ah hoo-lyah) - every
  625. Goilf (golf) - golf
  626. Iomain (im-ein) - shinty
  627. Iasgach (ee-asg-ach) - fishing
  628. Bidh (be) - will, will be, is
  629. Ball-coise (bah-ll cosha) - football
  630. Tràigh (try-h) - beach
  631. Rothair (row-had) - bicycle
  632. Cunnartach (coon-as-tock) - dangerous
  633. a' seòladh (show-lig) - sailing
  634. an Gearasdan (geh-ris-dan) - Fort William
  635. Rothaireachd (roh-hah-dach) - cycling
  636. Rugbaidh (rugby) - rugby
  637. Math air (math id) - good at
  638. Dannsa Gàidhealach (dannsa gail-loch) - highland dancing
  639. an uair sin (an oo-ar shin) - then
  640. Ball-basgaid (bah-ll bask-itch) - basketball
  641. Spòrs (spores) - sport
  642. Dhut (yoot) - for you; to you; you
  643. Furasta (foorasta) - easy
  644. Uaireannan (oo-ah-ran-an) - sometimes
  645. Cèile (cayla) - fellow; partner; significant other; spouse
  646. a h-uile latha (a hoola lah) - every day
  647. an-dràsta fhéin (an drasta hane) - right now
  648. Telebhisean (television) - television
  649. Gàidhealtacdh (gail-toch) - Highlands
  650. a' Ghalldachd (gal-toch) - Lowlands
  651. Doirbh (duh-rav) - difficult
  652. a' sgitheadh (ski-ig) - skiing
  653. Math dhut (mah doo) - good for you
  654. Aon-deug (oon jee-ug) - eleven
  655. Dhà-dheug (yah yee-ug) - twelve
  656. Trì-deug (tree jee-ug) - thirteen
  657. Ceithir-deug (cay-ath jee-ug) - fourteen
  658. Còig-deug (coy-g jee-ug) - fifteen
  659. Sia deug (she-ah jee-ug) - sixteen
  660. Seachd-deug (shach jee-ug) - seventeen
  661. Ochd-deug (ochd jee-ug) - eighteen
  662. Naoi-deug (noy jee-ug) - nineteen
  663. Fichead (fick-it) - twenty
  664. Diluain (jee-loo-ine) - Monday
  665. Dimàirt (jee-marsht) - Tuesday
  666. Diciadain (jee-kee-ah-dane) - Wednesday
  667. Diardaoin (jee-as-doon) - Thursday [Nb: alternative DiDaoirne]
  668. Dihaoine (jee-hoon-ye) - Friday
  669. Disathairne (jee-sat-han-yeh) - Saturday
  670. Didòmhnaich (jee-doh-neech) - Sunday
  671. a-nochd (ah nochd) - tonight
  672. Cha bhi (ha vee) - that will not be;
  673. Éigheachd (eh-voch) - shouting
  674. Air ais (id ash) - back
  675. Sámhach (sarv-ach) - quiet; silent
  676. Am bi e...? (am be eh) - will it be...?
  677. a' feuchainn (ah fee-ach-kane) - trying
  678. Iadsan (ee-ad-san) - them 
  679. a' toghail (ah tok-hal) - building; lifting; picking
  680. Nach bi (nach be) - won't
  681. Seachdain (shack-in) - week
  682. Hearadh (heh-rig) - Harris
  683. Gealach (gell-ach) - moon
  684. Turadh (tur-rig) - a dry spell
  685. Deagh (joo) - good [Nb: adj; causes lenition **precedes the noun]
  686. Reoite (roh-cha) - frozen
  687. Soilleir (soh-liad) - bright
  688. Deigh (jay) - ice
  689. Droch (droh-kch) - bad [adj; causes lenition **precedes the noun!]
  690. Sgrathail (sgrah-hal) - awful
  691. Stocainnean (stok-ain-nan) - socks
  692. Áite (archer) - place, locality
  693. Miotagan (mee-tag-an) - gloves
  694. an t-adhar (an tar) - sky
  695. Ceòthach (kee-oh-hach) - misty
  696. Meanbh-chuileag (men-ev coo-lach) - midge
  697. Cuileag (cool-ach) - fly (insect) 
  698. Comhla ri cheile
  699. Searbh (share-ev) - sour
  700. Albannach (al-ah-bah-noch) - Scottish
  701. Seòclaid (shock-ladge) - chocolate
  702. Dinnear (geen-yed) - dinner
  703. Bracaist (brack-isht) - breakfast
  704. Ceapaire (kep-agh-ra) - sandwich
  705. Ith (eekch) - eat
  706. Cus (koos) - too much, too many
  707. Spiosrach (spees-roch) - spicy
  708. Marag-dhubh - (mahrag-ooh) - black pudding
  709. Aran-milis (ah-ran mill-eesh) - shortbread
  710. Truinnsear (tree-shud) - plate
  711. Glanne (glan-ye) - glas
  712. Gabh (gav) - have, take, sing
  713. Milis (mill-eesh) - sweet
  714. Bradan (brat-an) - salmon
  715. a' gabhail (ah gah-ll) - having
  716. Searbh (shah-rav) - sour
  717. Cupa (coop-ah) - cup
  718. Meas (mees) - fruit [pl. measan]
  719. Glasraich (glas-reech) - vegetables
  720. Na gabh (na gav) - do not have
  721. Sìionach (shee-an-noch) - Chinese
  722. Feòil (fee-ol) - meat
  723. Sgadan (skadan) - herring
  724. Sgreamhail (skriv-al) - disgusting
  725. Mor-bhùth (moor-voo) - supermarket
  726. Eadailteach (id-al-chok) - Italian
  727. Uair (oo-ar) - one hour, one o'clock, time [pl. uairean]
  728. àm - time, period, occasion
  729. Boireannach (borin-yach) - woman
  730. Cuin (cunn) - when..? [Nb: LG dictionary - cuine]
  731. Ma-thà (mah-ha) - then
  732. Feasgar an-diugh - this afternoon
  733. Madainn an-diugh - this morning
  734. Mionaid (min-itch) - minutes
  735. Tràth (tr-ah) - early
  736. Leth (leh) - half
  737. an dèidh (an jay) - past
  738. Feasgar a-màireach - tomorrow afternoon/evening
  739. Madainn a-màireach - tomorrow morning
  740. Fichead 's a coig - twenty-five
  741. Coma (coh-ma) - unbothered, indifferent
  742. Mìos (mee-as) - month 
  743. Bliadhna (blee-arn-ah) - year
  744. Aois (ooh-shj) - age
  745. am-bliadhna (am blee-arn-ah) - this year
  746. Bogsa (boxer) - box [pl. bogsaichean.
  747. Trom (tr-oh-m) - heavy
  748. Togalach (toag-a-loch) - building
  749. Aotram (er-trum) - light
  750. a' gluasad (ah glue-ah-sat) - moving
  751. Beò (be-oh) - alive
  752. Cidsin (kitchen) - kitchen
  753. Làr (laar) - floor
  754. Faigh (fye) - get
  755. Peann (pee-ow-n) - pen
  756. Rèidio (radio) - radio
  757. Tog (toak) - lift, pick up
  758. Fada air falbh (fata id fal-av) - far away
  759. Rudan (roo-tan) - things [sing. rud]
  760. Flùr (floo-d) - flower
  761. Gun (gun) - without
  762. Fear (fed) - man; another one (re: masculine nouns)
  763. Tè (chay) - female; another one (re: feminine nouns)
  764. Siud (shut) - over there (is/are)
  765. Marbh (mah-rav) - dead
  766. Dotair
  767. Poileas
  768. Nurs
  769. a' glanadh (ah glan-ig) - cleaning
  770. Annam (un-um) - that I am
  771. Annad (un-at) - that you are; in you
  772. a' teagasg (ah chig-isg) - teaching
  773. Glanadair (glan-ah-der) - cleaner 
  774. Banca (bank-a) - bank
  775. Tuathanach (too-an-ach) - farmer
  776. Colaiste (col-ast-cha) - college
  777. Rùnaire (roon-ah-reh) - secretary
  778. Iasgair (ee-asg-ah) - fisher
  779. a' suidhe (?) - sitting
  780. Ollaimh (ol-ive) -professor
  781. neach-frithealaidh (nee-ach free-hal-eech) - waiter
  782. Rud sam bith (root-sam-bee) - anything
  783. a' seasamh (ah shay-sav) - standing
  784. Neach-ciùil - (ne-ach que-ll) - musician
  785. Sagart (sack-ursht) - priest
  786. Ailtire (aye-chil-a) - architect
  787. Croit (crotch) - croft
  788. Croitear (crotcher) - crofter
  789. Ministear (minist-cher) - minister
  790. Feòladair (fee-ohl-a-chur) - butcher
  791. Neach-smàlaidh (nee-ach smar-lee) - firefighter
  792. ge-tà (gih-tar) - though
  793. Còcaire (cork-a-ra) - cook
  794. Leisg (leh-sg) - lazy
  795. Dìcheallach (gee-ca-loch) - hardworking
  796. Comasach (coma-soch) - capable
  797. Chlachair (clack-ah) - stonemason
  798. a' còcaireachd (cork-ah-rok) - cooking
  799. Fad (fat) - all; far
  800. Fad an latha - all day
  801. Suidh! (swee) - sit!
  802. Seas! (shees) - stand!
  803. Falamh (fal-iv) - empty
  804. Làn (larn) - full
  805. Fiadhaich (fee-ay-ch) - wild
  806. Cat-fiadhaich (cat fee-ay-ch) - wild cat
  807. Fiadh (fee-ag) - deer [pl. fèidh]
  808. Stiall ort (sh-teal orsht) - on you go
  809. Sgarbh (sk-ah-rav) - cormorant
  810. Foighidneach (fur-chin-ach) - patient
  811. Sin thu fhèin (Sin ooh hane) - well done!
  812. fileanta (fee-lan-ta) - fluent
  813. Beinn (bayne) - mountain
  814. Bodach (bod-ach) - old man
  815. Sona (sauna) - happy
  816. Cuideigin (cood-ja-gin) - someone
  817. Cailleach (kal-ee-och) - old woman
  818. Bàrd (barsht) - poet
  819. Sionnach (shawn-ach) - fox
  820. Iarran (ear-ran) - iron
  821. Seann- (sh-ow-n) - aged, e.g. seann cù
  822. lofa (loh-fa) - loaf
  823. Mil (m'l) - honey
  824. Sìos (she-as) - down
  825. Geàrr (gay-rr) - hare; cut
  826. Iongantach (ian-toch) - amazing
  827. Seòlta (sholta) - cunning
  828. Seilcheig (shill-a-keg) - snail
  829. Fraingis (Frangish) - French
  830. Rium (room) - to me
  831. Deònach (jaw-noch) - willing
  832. Taingeil (tang-al) - thankful
  833. Ceap Braitainn - Cape Breton
  834. Gearmailtis (gerra-mal-chish) - German
  835. Cànan - (car-nan) - language [pl. -an]
  836. Riut (root) - to me
  837. Ionnsaich (in-seech) - learn
  838. Còrnais (cornish) - Cornish
  839. Cuimris (Cum-rish) - Welsh
  840. Ribh (reev) - to you pl/fl.
  841. Eistibh (eest-chiv) - listen pl/fl
  842. Rithe (ree-ah) - to her
  843. Ris (rish) - to him
  844. Spàinntis (span-tish) - Spanish
  845. Cànan-soidhnidh Bhreatainn (carnan-soinee vret-an) - British Sign Language
  846. Ghàidhlig Mhanainn - (garlic van-ein) - Manx
  847. Ceilteach (cail-choch) - Celtic
  848. Càirdeach (car-doch) - related
  849. Beurla Ghallda (veerla-golta) - Scots
  850. Cànan-soidhnidh Ameireaga (carnan-soinee amereega???) - American Sign Language
  851. Muc-mhara (mooch vara) - whale
  852. Sgiobair (skeep-ar) - captain
  853. Seòladair (show-lad-ar) - sailor
  854. Ròpa (roh-pa) - rope
  855. a' slaodadh (sloo-daig) - pulling
  856. air bòrd (borsht) on board
  857. Sgileil (skill-al) skilful 
  858. Leumadair (lima-dudh) - jumper; dolphin [pl. -ean]
  859. Tonnan (tone-an) - waves
  860. Cuan (coo-an) - ocean
  861. Lìon (lee-an) - net; web; line (fishing)
  862. a' glacadh (ah glak-ig) - catching
  863. Taigh-solais (tay solas) - lighthouse
  864. Cearban (kerra-ban) - shark
  865. Hiort (here-sht) - St. Kilda
  866. Bhataraigh (vater-say) - Vatersay
  867. Malaig 
  868. Fhaoileag (oo-lack) - seagul
  869. a' sgreuchail (ah scree-akal) - screeching
  870. Farsaing (farshing) - wide
  871. Feamainn (fem-ain) - seaweed
  872. Ochd-chasach (ochd has-ak) - octopus
  873. Spùinneadair (spoon-ya-dad) - plunderer, raider
  874. Spùinneadair-mara (sponn-ya-dad mara) - pirate
  875. Pitheid (pee-itch) - parrot
  876. Fodha (fowa) - under
  877. a' dol fodha (ah dol fowa) - sinking
  878. Muir (mood) - sea
  879. Guga (googa) - salted gannet
  880. Tìr (cheed) - land
  881. a dh'aithghearr (ah guy-'ad) - soon; shortly
  882. Ratharsair (rar-sid) - Raasay 
  883. Sgioba (skip-ah) - team
  884. Ruith (ree) - run! (imp,)
  885. Coisich (coh-sheek) - walk
  886. a' fighe (ah fear) - knitting
  887. Sgioblaich (skip-leech) - tidy
  888. Ad (at) - hat
  889. Cluich (cleech) - play! [imperative] 
  890. Còisir (core-shid) - choir
  891. Seinn (shane) - sing [imperative]
  892. Còmhlan-ciùil (coh-lan kewl) - (music) band
  893. Air falbh (id falav) - away
  894. Tàileasg (tarl-isg) - chess
  895. Geamannan-bùird (gemm-an-an borst) - board games
  896. Pàipear-naidheachd (pay-per nay-ach) - newspaper
  897. Pròiseil (praw-sal) - proud
  898. Nobhail (novel) - novel
  899. Taigh-dhealbh (tay yell-av) - cinema
  900. Gealtach - cowardly
  901. Aiste (ast-cha) - essay
  902. Foghlam (fow-lam) - education
  903. Faiceallach (figh-care-loch) - careful
  904. Bi (bee) - be
  905. Sgoilear (schol-argh) - pupil
  906. Leasan (lees-an) - lesson
  907. Matamataig (mata-matik) - mathematics
  908. Obair-dachaigh (obar-dak-eh) - homework
  909. a' cuideachadh (ah coodjack-aig) - helping
  910. Nad (nat) - in your [Nb: causes lenition; contracted form of 'annad']
  911. Seòmar-teagaisg (show-mar cheekisg) - classroom
  912. Pàipear (paper) - paper
  913. Bun-sgoil (boon skol) - primary school
  914. Nam (nam) - in my, in their
  915. Peansail (pen-sal) - pencil
  916. Cleachd (cla-ch) - use
  917. Àrd-sgoil (ard skol) - high school
  918. rd-dubh (bord dooh) - blackboard
  919. rd-geal (bord gell) - whiteboard
  920. Glaodh (glue-g) - glue
  921. a' cleachdadh (ah cla-ch-aig) - using
  922. Dath (dah) - colour
  923. Peant (pent) - paint
  924. Air leth (id lay) - exceptionally, exceptional
  925. Bruis (broosh) - brush
  926. Dealbhadair (jel-av-ad-ded) - artist
  927. Leabhraichean (lee-aw-de-chan) - books
  928. Sgriobhadair (schree-va-der) - writer
  929. fad na tìde (fat nah cheecha) - all the time
  930. Ùghdar (ooh-dah) - author
  931. Talla-cluiche (tall-ah clooch-eh) - theatre 
  932. Dealbh-cluich (jell-av cleech) - play
  933. Pinnt (Peen-ch) - pint 
  934. Cleasaiche (clay-sa-kah) - actor
  935. Rùisgte (roosh-g-chair) - naked
  936. Àrd-ùrlar (Art-oohla) - stage, platform
  937. Rànaich (rah-neech) - crying
  938. Seinneadair (shane-a-der) - singer
  939. Dràma (drah-ma) - drama
  940. Tric (tree-ch) - often
  941. Gàireachdainn (gar-rock-dain) - laughing
  942. Innte - in her.
  943. Film (film) - film
  944. ag iarraidh (ag eerie) - wanting
  945. Dannsair (dan-seh) - dancer
  946. Cruthachail (croo-ah-kal) - creative
  947. Mòine (mourn-ye) - peat
  948. Diosal (dee-sal) - diesel
  949. air leth (id leth) - exceptional
  950. Nas òige (nas oy-geh) - younger 
  951. Nas sine (nas shin-eh) - older
  952. Nas brònaiche (nas bro-nick-eh) - sadder
  953. Nas brèagha (nas bree-ah) - prettier
  954. Ailbhean (allah-van) - elephant
  955. Riutha - to/with them
  956. Is fheàrr leam (is sharr loom) - I prefer
  957. Draibh (drive) - drive
  958. Ruith (ree) - run; running
  959. Rinn (rin) - to/with us.
  960. Saighdear (say-deah-d) - soldier
  961. Fiaclair (fee-ah-clair) - dentist
  962. Oileanach (ollan-iach) - student [pl. oileanaich]
  963. Bheat (vet) - vet
  964. Neach-saidheans (nee-yak sions) - scientist
  965. Gasta (gasta) - splendid
  966. Luchd-smàlaidh (luch smal-eh) - firefighters
  967. Bithibh modhail (bee-iv mod-al) - behave [polite]
  968. Uaireadair (oo-ah-ra-dad) - watch
  969. Luchd-lagha (luch lag-ah) - lawyers
  970. Sgeilp (skilp) - shelf
  971. Chuir mi - I put
  972. Cheannaich mi - I bought
  973. Giotàr (git-ar) - guitar
  974. Air-loidhne (ed loyne-ah) - online
  975. Bàta-luath (bart-ah loo-ah) - speedboat
  976. Reic mi (rikh me) - I sold
  977. Sporan (sporan) - purse or wallet
  978. Neach-reic (nee-ach rikh) - salesperson
  979. Fòn (phone) - phone
  980. Bruis-fhiaclan (broosh ee-ak-lan) - toothbrush
  981. An-asgaidh (an as-gee) - free
  982. Lorg mi (lorak me) - I found
  983. a' lorg (lorak) - looking for
  984. Teanta (tent-ah) - tent
  985. Beairteach (bee-ash-chok) - rich
  986. a' reic (a rikh) - selling 
  987. Damh (daff) - stag [pl. daimh]
  988. Beathach (be-oh-ach) - animal [pl. beathaichean]
  989. Madadh-allaidh (mat-ig ally) - wolf
  990. a' tuiteam (ah teach-am) - falling
  991. a' sealg (ah shell-ak) - hunting
  992. Taghan (tag-an) - pine martin
  993. Tuit (theetch) - fell
  994. Toll (toal) - hole
  995. Calman (calah-man) - pigeon
  996. a' cladhach (ah clar-ach) - digging
  997. Campadh (camp-ig) - camping
  998. Cailleannach (cal-yan-noch) - Caledonian
  999. Cumanta (koo-man-ta) - common
  1000. Reamhar (rav-id) - fat, plump
  1001. Lus (loose) - plant
  1002. Fliche (fleech-ah) - wetter
  1003. Seunta (shee-unta) - enchanted
  1004. Capal-coille (kapal coll-ee-ah) - capercaillie

à è ì ò ù À È Ù

Names


Beathag (a Bheathag)
Catrìona (a Chatrìona)
Ealasaid
Eubha
Flòraidh (a Fhlòraidh)
Mairead (a Mhairead)
a Mhàiri
a Mhòrag 
Oighrig
a Pheigi
a Raonaid 
Úna

Alasdair
Cailean
Calum
Dómnhall
Eairdsidh
Fearghas (Fhearghais) 
Fionnlagh (Fhionnlaigh)
Friseal
Iain
Leagsaidh (a Leagsaidh) 
Micheal
Niall
Pádraig
Ruairidh
Seóras
Seumas
Tormod






Tips on memorising vocabulary:

https://www.thelanguageformula.com/articles/spaced-learning-how-to-memorise-vocabulary-youll-remember-forever


Patterns

Ao - is often pronounced 'oo' (aoi -sometime 'ay')
I - is often pronounced 'ee' - e.g. ím (eem); iasg (ee-asg); isean (eeshan); mi (mee)
Si is pronounced 'shee' - e.g. sinn (sheen); sithean (shee-an); sibhse (sheev-sha)
Ti is pronounced 'ch' - e.g. tioraidh (cheer-ee); tim (cheem); tioram (chi-ram)
Uis is pronounced 'oosh' - uisge (oosh-ga); úiseil (ooshall)
Bh is pronounced 'th' or 'v'
Dh is often silent or pronounced 'ig' when broad.  
Th is often silent or pronounced like 'h'.

Saturday, 25 May 2024

Gàidhlig - Alphabet & Grammar Notes

I can see why everybody raves about Duolingo. It's an absolutely wonderful app! It makes learning languages fun, so much so that I actually look forward to my daily Gàidhlig lesson.

I have decided to record my recent progress here. One thing I'm concerned about, is that whilst I'm full of enthusiasm right now, it may wane with time, especially when I start to get bogged down with the grammar. However, if I can make sense of what I'm learning as I go along, then I'm hoping I will maintain my motivation.

These notes have been written for me, however I think I may as well share them with the world. I'm learning, however, and I may well make mistakes, so please don't rely on them.


The Gaelic Alphabet

A wee rhyme I have made up for me to remember the letters: There's no j, or k, or q, or anything after u.

Summarised from Daily Gaelic on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hLVOL0c99sk

  • Contains just 18 letters.
  • It misses (from the Roman alphabet): J, K, Q, V, W, X, Y & Z.
  • Vowels: A, E, I, O & U.
  • Broad vowels: A, O & U.
  • Slender vowels: I & E
  • C's and G's are 'hard' in Gaelic, i.e. like a 'K'.
  • Emphasis is usually placed on the first syllable, unless the second syllable is accented.
  • Graves, or accents, make the vowel sound longer.
  • The only letters that can appear in pairs together are: L, N & R.

e.g. letter D

Broad: Dà - 'dah' 
Slender: 'Dè -  'jay'
Broad Lenited: Dha - 'vah'
Slender Lenited: Dhith - 'yee'

[Nb: most consonants don't have four different sounds, the broad and slender may sound the same].


The importance of Stráchan

Strachan are very important in Gaelic. For example, ‘bas’ — without a stràc on the ‘a’ — means the the part on the inside of your hand between the fingers and the wrist, or ‘palm’ in English. But ‘bàs’ — with a stràc on the ‘a’ — means the end of life, or ‘death’ in English. That's a pretty big difference!

Also, see the difference between feis and féis! 

Sounds of Combinations of Letters

My notes from the pronunciation videos on the Learn Gaelic website.

Ch - when used before or after the broad vowels, 'a' 'o' & 'u', is pronounced 'cchh' as in 'loch'. When used before or after the slender vowels, 'e' or 'i', sounds like 'chee' as in 'duilich'.

Mh & Bh - there is no 'v' in the Galeic alphabet, so the 'vuh' sound can be made by these two letter combinations, e.g. 'Mhór' and 'sibh'.

Dh - if used before the broad vowels, it's pronounced 'gu' (as in 'gut'). If it is used before slender vowels, it is pronounced 'yuh' (as in 'young'). When in the middle or at the end of a word it is silent when it follows the slender vowels, e.g. céilidh.

Fh - is silent, except for a small number of words, eg. fhichead. There are some words where it is not silent, but pronounced 'huh', eg. fhéin. 

Gh - is pronounced 'guh' when proximate to broad vowels, e.g. 'mo ghuth'. It's pronounced 'yuh' when followed by slender vowels, e.g. 'a' ghealach'. e.g. gealach. Gh in the middle or at the end of a word is silent when it follows the slender vowels, e.g. 'dachaigh'. 
 



This is not necessarily correct, but patterns I am noticing:

I - is often pronounced 'ee' - e.g. ím (eem); iasg (ee-asg); isean (eeshan); mi (mee)
Si is pronounced 'shee' - e.g. sinn (sheen); sithean (shee-an); sibhse (sheev-sha)
Ti is pronounced 'ch' - e.g. tioraidh (cheer-ee); tim (cheem); tioram (chi-ram)
Uis is pronounced 'oosh' - uisge (oosh-ga); úiseil (ooshall)
Bh is pronounced 'th' or 'v'
Dh is often silent or pronounced 'ig' when at the end of a word. 

Broad and Slender Vowels

In Scottish Gaelic, slender vowels (i and e) play a crucial role in spelling because they influence the way consonants are pronounced. 

Slender vowels cause nearby consonants to be pronounced differently compared to when they are next to broad vowels (a, o, u). For example, the consonant 'd' in 'dè' (what) sounds different from the 'd' in 'dà' (two).  

Spelling Rules: To maintain the correct pronunciation, Scottish Gaelic has a spelling rule called 'caol ri caol agus leathann ri leathann,' which means 'slender with slender and broad with broad.' This rule ensures that vowels on either side of a consonant match in type (both slender or both broad). 

Lenition


Lenition on verbs
  • striggered by the negative particle cha(n)
  • triggered by the negative interrogative/subordinating particle nach
  • triggered by past tense particles (do/null)/(do) dh’
  • triggered by the relative particle a
Lenition on nouns
  • triggered by some forms of the definite article an/a’
  • triggered by some possessive agreement markers
  • triggered by some prepositions:
- bho
- gu
- do
- anns a'
- air
- aig
  • triggered by the numerals aon ‘one’ and dhà ‘two’
  • realises some number/case inflection on nouns
    - words beginning with labials and velars in the masculine genitive after the article (after a' -- and an if before f) (also s --> t-s)
    - words beginning with labials and velars in the masculine dative after the article (after a' -- and an if before f) (also s--> t-s)
    - words beginning with labials and velars in the feminine common case after the article (after a' and an/__f) (also s --> t-s)
  • obligatory on right-hand member of some compounds
  • triggered by some derivational prefixes


Lenition on adjectives
  • triggered by intensifiers glè ‘very’, ro ‘too’, and fior ‘truly’
  • realises gender/number/case inflection on adjectives.after feminine nouns
  • after dative masculine nouns

GRAMMAR

[Nb: again I emphasise that I am learning Gaelic. These are simply my notes and should never be relied upon! I am simply creating them as and when required, which is essentially when they appear on Duolingo.]

Duolingo doesn't explicitly teach grammar, at least not yet. However, one intuitively learns the sentence structure. Sentences begin with the verb.

e.g. Tha ceic math, literally 'is cake good'; though this is not a question, but a statement, i.e. 'a cake is good'.

Also the noun appears to precede the adjective, e.g. caileag bheag, literally 'girl small'.  

Finally, the adjective has to agree with the noun's gender: 

e.g. 1. masc. feasgar math (lit. 'evening good')
e.g. 2 fem. maddain bhlath (lit. 'morning warm')


Determining a noun's gender

I don't want to have to learn the gender of every noun, so a quick internet search elicited the following blog post, which I'm hoping will help: 

https://blogs.ed.ac.uk/garg/2020/04/17/predicting-grammatical-gender-in-scottish-gaelic-with-machine-learning/

The author posts a list from a book published in 1923:

Masculine: -adh, -an/ean, as, ach, -aiche & -air.

Feminine: -ag, -achd/-eachd, -ad, /-ead, -e and -ir (for polysyllables only).


Jason, who produces the highly regarded YouTube channel Gaelic with Jason, has the following list for feminine nouns (click to enlarge):

The video is entitled How to Spot a Feminine Noun.


Column 2 - female nouns typically end in: -ag, -achd & -id.

Column 3 - female humans and animals, which are always feminine nouns, e.g. bò.

Column 4 - countries and languages are typically feminine, eg. gàidhlig.

Column 5 - the final vowel is 'i' or 'e', which are known as 'slender vowels'.


Lenition 

Lenition essentially means adding an 'h' after the first letter of the adjective, which changes the sound of the word, e.g. math (mah) & mhath (vah). Lenition doesn't apply to 'L', 'N' & 'R' (Non-Lenitable Rabble). 

Lenition appears to apply to adjectives describing female nouns, only.

Adjectives only lenite when they are the attribute to a noun. That's the type of sentence where you say something like "Calum has a silly sheep" - Tha caora ghòrach aig Calum.

Adjectives do not lenite when they are in predicate position, that's the type of sentence where you say "The sheep is silly" - Tha a' chaora gòrach.


[Nb: Adjectives in the first position - before the noun - are called ATTRIBUTIVE adjectives. Those in the second position - after the noun - are called PREDICATIVE adjectives.]


Sentence Structure

Typically, Gaelic sentences are formed of:

Verb - Subject - Everything else [adverbs follow the adjectives they're describing]

e.g. 1 - 'Tha sinn a' cluiche geama' (we are playing a game)


THE VERB 'TO BE' - BI

Bi is the singular imperative form, e.g. Bi faiceallach mus tuit thu! - 'be careful before you fall!', but is the headword used in dictionaries; it is one of the ten Irregular Verbs in Gaelic, so may cause confusion.

PRESENT TENSE

Tha is the present tense, independent form of the verb:


e.g. 1 - Tha mi toilichte - I am happy.
e.g. 2 - Chan eil peata aig Anna - Anna does not have a pet.
e.g. 3 - A bheil thu  à Sasainn? - Are you from England?
e.g. 4 - Nach eil e trang? - Isn't he busy?


HABITUAL PRESENT TENSE

Bidh is used to describe things done regularly and repeatedly. This is known as the habitual present. It is used in exactly same way as tha and bha.

Am bi thu a' ruith? - do you run?

Cha bhi i a' tighinn cómhla rinn. 

https://learngaelic.scot/grammar_hacks/bi.jsp

PAST TENSE

Bha is the independent form of the verb in the past tense, with robh being the dependent form:







[Duolingo - Section 2, Unit 9]

Past forms of the verb bi (tha) are independent bha and dependent robh. 

e.g. 1 - Bha mi anns a’ bhàta - I was in the boat,
e.g. 2 - An robh thu toilichte? - were you happy?
e.g. 3 - Cha robh mi sgíth - I was not tired.

FUTURE TENSE






PERSONAL PRONOUNS


Scottish Gaelic also has emphatic personal pronouns, which are used to emphasise the pronoun. They're also used when introducing oneself or others, e.g. Is mise Gabriel.


Reflective personal pronouns are used when referring back to another noun used int he same clause, e.g. 'Donald loves himself'.


Possessive Pronouns:



PREPOSITIONAL PRONOUNS

Gaelic doesn't have a direct translation for the verb "to have". Instead the preposition aig (at) is used to show possession.
e.g. 1 - Chan eil peata aig Anna.  (Anna does not have a pet - lit. does not have pet at Anna
e.g. 2 - Tha each geal aig Anna.  (Anna has a white horse - lit. has horse white at Anna.)

[! Nb: I initially confused 'aig' with 'air': the former (aig) means 'at' someone and indicates possession; the latter (air) means 'on' someone.]

Agam - I have (aig + mi)
Agad - you have (aig + thu)
Againn - we have (aig + sinn)
Agaibh - you have (aig + sibh)
Aige - he has (aig + e)
Aice - she has (aig + i)
Aca - they have (aig + iad)


Mise / Tusa / Sinne/ Sibhse

These words are used for emphasis or clarification:

Mise: This means 'I' or 'me', e.g. 'Is mise Iain.' (I am Ian.)
Tusa: This means 'you' (singular), e.g. 'Tusa a rinn e.'  (You did it.)
Sinne: This means 'we', e.g. 'Is sinne Calum agus Lilidh.' (We are Calum and Lily.)
Sibhse: This means 'you' (plural), e.g. 'Sibhse a thàinig an seo.'  (You all came here.)

They have been introduced in Duolingo preceded by the word 'Is', e.g.

'Is mise Seumas.' - (Is misha Seumas - I am James.)
'Is mise Anna.' - (I am Anna.)
'Is tusa Iain.' - (You are Iain)
Is sinne Iain agus Máiri.' - (We are Iain and Maíri.)
'Is sibhse na h-oileanaich.' - (iss sheevsha) (You are the students.)

! I found this confusing. Why say 'Is Mise...' when you can say 'Tha Mi...'? ChatGPT to the rescue once more: 

Key Differences:

Context and Emphasis: 'Tha mi' is used for general statements about one's current state or location.
'Is mise' is used to emphasise who you are, especially in introductions or when clarifying identity. Structure:

'Tha mi' follows the structure of "subject + verb" and is used with adjectives, locations, and ongoing actions.
* 'Is mise' follows the structure of "copula + emphatic pronoun" and is used with nouns to make a strong, clear statement about identity.

Examples to Illustrate the Difference
* Describing a State: "Tha mi toilichte." - "I am happy." This describes your current emotional state.
* Identifying Oneself:"Is mise an tidsear ùr." - "I am the new teacher." This identifies your role or who you are with emphasis.

Có...?

Có - who (is), where, whom

! Nb: Tusa lenites when preceded by Có:
* Có thusa? (coh oosa - Who are you? (singular)) 
* Có sibhse? (coh sheevsha - Who are you? (plural))

* Use "thusa" (oosa) after prepositions, possessive pronouns, and certain particles that require lenition.
* Use "tusa" in positive statements, questions, and when emphasising "you" without the influence of lenition-causing elements.


The preposition 'á'

Is used to state someone is from (or not from) a particular place. This is often used in response to the question, 'Cò às a tha thu?' - Where are you from?

e.g. 1 Chan eil Màrtainn à Barraigh (Mártainn is not from Barra)
e.g. 2 Tha mi à Barraigh. - I am from Barra.

When a place name has a definite article in front of it, use às instead of à.

This activates the dative: 
e.g. 1 Tha mi às a' Ghearasdan. - I am from Fort William.
e.g. 2 Tha mi às an Òban. - I am from Oban.
e.g. 3 Tha mi às na Hearadh. - I am from Harris.


Orm & Ort

The words 'orm' and 'ort' are prepositional pronouns used to indicate the preposition "on" combined with pronouns:
  • Orm - on me, e.g. 'Tha seacaid orm a-nis.'  (ha shak-adge oram a-niss - I have a jacket on now)
  • Ort - on you, e.g. 
For a third party, one can use the word 'air', e.g. 'Tha léine shnog air Seumas.' (Seumas has a nice shirt on)
For ownership, 'aig', e.g. 'Tha léine shnog aig Seumas.' (Seumas has a nice shirt)


THE VOCATIVE CASE

This is one of Gaelic's four cases: 
  • nominative - the 'normal' case.
  • vocative - used when addressing someone.
  • genitive - used to indicate possession.
  • dative - used when governed by prepositions.

The vocative case is used when directly addressing someone or something. It's like saying someone's name when you're talking to them.

Three rules:
  • Add "a": Put an "a" before the name when calling someone.
  • Lenite the name, if lenitable.
  • Gaelic drops the 'a' for vocative when the next syllable is a vowel.

The terms 'a-nis' & 'an-drásta'

I have been confused as to when I should use these, so consulted ChatPGT which stated the following:

*An-dràsta: Implies a sense of urgency or immediacy. It’s like saying "right now" or "at this exact moment."
e.g. 1 - "Tha mi trang an-dràsta."  (I am busy right now)
e.g. 2 - "Cuir fòn thugam an-dràsta." (Call me right now)

*A-nis: More generally means 'now', without the immediate urgency.
e.g. Tha mi a' dol dhachaigh a-nis."  (I am going home now)


Number Agreement

Aon (one)

The number one in Gaelic cause lenition on the noun that follows whenever possible:  

e.g. 1 - aon + bàta = aon bhàta (one boat)  
e.g. 2 - aon + piseag = aon phiseag (one kitten)

Nb: Aon does not lenite words beginning with s, d and t. It lenites words beginning with b, c, f, g, m and p. 

Dá (two)

The plural form of a noun is not used with the number two in Gaelic; the singular still applies. Dà also causes lenition on the noun that follows:  

e.g. 1 - dà + bàta = dà bhàta (two boats)  
e.g. 2 - dà + piseag = dà phiseag (two kittens)

Trí (three) and more

The accompanying noun is now pluralised

e.g. 1 - trì bàtaichean - three boats 
e.g. 2 - ceithir bàtaichean - four boats 
e.g. 3 - còig piseagan - five kittens


Cia mheud? - How many?

A common alternative to cia mheud is cò mheud, which means the same thing.

Unlike in English, Gaelic uses the singular form of the noun:

bàta - boat
bàtaichean - boats

Cia mheud bàta? - literally 'How many boat?'


THE DEFINITE ARTICLE

The definitive article in Gaelic changes according to a noun's gender, case and the number of the noun it defines. Gender is simply a way of classifying nouns which indicates how it behaves in a sentence, nothing more - it's either masculine or feminine.

The basic form of the article is 'an'. 

Feminine Nouns:

an is used before words beginning with:

  • consonants - except: b, c, g, m & p; sn, sl, sr & s + vowel
  • a vowel.
  • 'f' and followed by a vowel (these words are lenited - it appears that the 'fh' is silent).
  • 's' with the exception of those that are followed by a vowel and the Non-Lenitable Rebels (n, l & r).

  • If one considers an to be the basic form, then only the rules for a' and an t- need to be learned, as by default anything else is an.
  • a' is used before words beginning with: b, c, g, m & p. These are lenited.
  • an t- is used before: sn, sl, sr & s + vowel

Masculine Nouns:
  • an is used before masculine words beginning with: c, g, s, t, d, l, n, & r.
  • am is used before masculine words beginning with: b, f, m & p  [! Nb - these are all bilabials]
  • an t- is used before masculine words beginning with: a vowel (a, e, i, o & u)
  • There are, apparently, very few Gaelic words beginning with 'h', so no specific rule

Plural Nouns:

  • Na  is used before plural nouns beginning with a consonant, e.g. Na bàtaichean.
  • Na h-  is used before plural nouns beginning with a vowel, e.g. Na h-orainsearan.


Expressing Preferences
[Duolingo - Section 2, Unit 12]
  • Am bu toil leat/leibh...? - Would you like...?
            - Bu toil - yes 
            - Cha bu toil - no

  • An toil leat/leibh...? - Do you like...?
            - Is toil - yes
            - Cha toil - no

  • Nach robh...? - Wasn't there?



Expressing Feelings

Feelings are expressed as being 'on' (air) the person:
e.g. 1-  Tha an t-acras orm - I am hungry (lit. is the hunger on me)
e.g. 2 - Tha an t-eagal air Micheal - Michael is scared (lit. is the fear on Michael)

Unless, the person's feeling is directed at another party, in which case the possessor 'has' the feeling which is 'on' someone else:
e.g. 1 - Tha gaol agam ort - I love you (lit. love I have, on you)
e.g. 2 - Tha gráin aig Lilidh air pinc - Lily hates pink (lit. hate of/at Lily, on pink) 


Ann an vs anns an

Anns is a definite noun. Ann an is used when not using the definite article; 'in (a)' - Ann an/Ann am = in

e.g. 1 - anns an taigh = in the house
e.g. 2 - ann an taigh = in a house

THE DATIVE CASE

Best described as the Prepositional Case. However, the Dative Case does not really apply following non-definite prepositions, though some nouns lenite following a preposition, especially the ones ending in 'o', e.g. ro, tro and bho.

e.g. 1 - Ann am baile - in a town.
e.g. 2 - Aig banca - at a bank.
e.g. 3 - Còmhla ri caraid - with a friend.
e.g. 4 - Air bòrd - on a table.
e,g, 5 - Tro bhaile - through a bank. [Notice the noun lenites!]

The Dative case is used when a definite noun follows a preposition. The rules are exactly the same as for definite feminine nouns (i.e. the feminine noun)

  • an is used before words beginning with: 
    • consonants - except: b, c, g, m & p; sn, sl, sr & s + vowel
    • a vowel.
    • 'f' and followed by a vowel (these words are lenited - it appears that the 'fh' is silent).
    • 's' with the exception of those that are followed by a vowel and the Non-Lenitable Rebels (n, l & r)
  • a' is used before words beginning with: b, c, g, m & p. These are lenited.
  • an t- is used before: sn, sl, sr & s + vowel

So, essentially masculine definite articles become 'female', as in the nominative case:

e.g. 1 - an saoghal > anns an t-saoghal [add 'an t-' before 's']
e.g. 2 - am bórd mor  > a' bhórd mhór  [i.e. am becomes a' & is lenited]


Non-Lenitable Consonants (in the Dative Case)

SG, SM, SP, ST, D, L, N, R, T

e.g. 1 - an taigh: Anns an taigh (in the house)
e.g. 2 - an doras: Aig an doras (at the door)

Strictly speaking, feminine nouns should be slenderised (an extra i added) in the dative case.

Consider bòrd:
  • bòrd - a table
  • am bòrd - the table
  • air bòrd - at a table [no article, therefore noun does not change in any way]
  • air a' bhòrd - article, so now the dative rules apply; the definite article 'am' reduces an to a', and the moun lenites (just like feminine nouns [in nominative] with an article).
[Nb: for future use - some prepositions take the genitive case: by the side of the lake - ri taobh an locha
above of the mountain - thar na beinne
Pretty much all of those genitive ones can have an "of" in the translation]


Possession in Gaelic

There are two ways to indicate possession:

i) Alienable possession. Use of the definite article before the bound followed by the prepositional pronoun 'aig', 
e.g. 1. - An cat agam - my cat
e.g. 2. - An duine agad - your husband

ii) Inalienable possession. Use of possessive pronouns - i.e. mo, do, etc - which usually causes lenition.
e.g. 1 - mo làmh - my hand
e.g. 2. - do cheann - your head

Nb. when used with vowels, the possessive pronouns are contracted, e.g. d' athair - your father.


Adjectives which precede the noun

As a rule, adjectives come after the noun. However, there are some exceptions, these cause lenition:

Deagh (joo) - good 
Droch (droh-kch) - bad

Adjectives following plural vowels

Adjectives following plural nouns are lenited if possible, but lenition does not apply to adjectives starting with "m" (like "mòr"), along with N, L, R & S+vowels.

e.g. Na daoine mòra.

Le and Leis

  • Use "le" when followed by a name, a regular noun, or a vowel sound.
  • Use "leis" when followed by the definite article ("an/am"), a pronoun, or for smoother pronunciation.

'S e X a th' ann

This is a common construction in Scottish Gaelic, and I suspect Gàidhlig na h-Èireann, too.

'S - This is a contraction of is, the copula verb "to be" in Gaelic, used here to introduce an equational statement (saying something is equivalent to something else)

e - This is the pronoun "he" or "it," referring to the subject being described. In this construction, it acts as a placeholder for the thing being identified

X - This is the noun or description being inserted, such as togalach ("building") or poileas ("police officer").

a tha - This is a relative clause meaning "that is." a is the relative pronoun "that," and tha is the present tense of the verb bi ("to be").

ann - This means "there" or "in existence," often used to indicate presence or being.
So, literally, 'S e X a tha ann' translates to: "It is X that is there" or "It is X that exists."


List of Gaelic Resources:

Acair Books - https://acairbooks.com/

BBC Gaelic Revision - https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/subjects/zqnygk7

Beag air Bheag - https://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/beag_air_bheag/

Ceolas - https://www.ceolas.co.uk/

Ceumannan - https://storlann.co.uk/ceumannan/

Cleachdi - https://www.cleachdi.scot/ [very useful for finding Gaelic events]

Daily Gaelic - https://daily-gaelic-school.thinkific.com/

Duolingo (history of courses) - https://duolingodata.com

e-sgoil - https://www.e-sgoil.com/gaidhlig/

Fandom Gaelic - https://duonotes.fandom.com/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic

Gaelic forum - https://www.foramnagaidhlig.net/ 

Gaelic Grammar Wiki - https://gaelicgrammar.org/

Gaelic Run (Grammar game) - https://gaelicrun.gordonmaloney.info/play

Gaelic suffixes - https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Scottish_Gaelic_suffixes

Gaelic with Jason - https://www.youtube.com/c/GaelicwithJason

Google in Gaelic - https://www.google.com/webhp?hl=gd 

Guide to verb 'to be' - https://www.celtic-languages.org/Guide_to_Scottish_Gaelic_to_be,_the_linking_verbs:_substantive_bi,_tha_%26_the_copula_is 

Guide to pronunciation - https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Scottish_Gaelic_pronunciation

Learn Gaelic's Grammar Hacks - https://learngaelic.scot/grammar_hacks/

Love Gaelic - https://www.lovegaelic.com/

Slighe - https://www.slighe.org/

The Grammar of Scottish Gaelic - https://lingsocmonash.wordpress.com/2018/04/06/the-grammar-of-scottish-gaelic-part-2/


Notes for future use:

aig is used to express possession (what you have, whether or not you own it)
le is used to express ownership (whether or not you currently have it)

Past tense
In some cases an sin = ann, e.g. Cha robh mi an sin madainn an-dè = Cha robh mi ann madainn an-dè.
I was there yesterday morning - Bha mi ann madainn an-dè
Was she climbing - An robh i a' sreap?


"Tha x ann" is how gaidhlig expresses existentials. It helps to think of it as equivalent to "there is X" vs "X is there", the former describes existence while the latter describes location. It is only by coincidence that English uses the word "there" in both.

Nb:

'Cò às a tha thu' actually means 'who' are you from, i.e. what family or social/clan group are you from. (Which then automatically told people the township, island or area, traditionally speaking.) So it's a traditional way of thinking about place that's all part of the heritage, the 'dualchas', that is built into a language. [Source: https://www.foramnagaidhlig.net/foram/viewtopic.php?t=1965&start=60]

1) When you start a sentence with NACH or any other part of the verb IS, and follow it immediately by a preposition (in this case, LE) you have to insert ANN. I don't know why or how to translate it. I note the two people who have offered translations have ignored it.
2) Yes, LE translates as "with" but note that in Scottish Gaelic, it's only used for ownership, rather than simply "having". For anyone who knows Irish or Welsh, note the difference in that Irish LE and Welsh GYDA (both "with") are used for "having" with no implication of ownership.




500 Scottish Gaelic Phrases from Duolingo - Number 8 [Section 3, Unit 26]

  Tha taibhse anns a' chidsin a-rithist. (There is a ghost in the kitchen again.) Tha plana aig an eileanach. (The islander has a plan.)...